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Now in the United States in the 1970s, the materials used at that time were woven cloth and nylon mesh materials. Just like when we wear masks, the sealing condition is not good, and basically it can only filter coarse particles in the air, such as cotton wool, pollen, Visible dust, etc. The purifiers produced at that time were generally used in hospitals and aircraft cabins.
Counting the evolutionary history of air purifier filters
The earliest air purifiers are not as effective as masks
In the 1980s, people's smoke-free requirements for public spaces led to the advent of electrostatic dust-collecting air purifiers. A negative electrode discharge wire is installed in the air purifier, which attaches a negative charge to the particulate dust brought by the intake air, and adsorbs it on the positive dust collecting plate to achieve the effect of purification. Electrostatic dust collection has been widely used in the field of industrial flue gas dust removal since its invention, but in the civilian field, due to the low single-pass filtration efficiency, there may be issues such as ozone release and electromagnetic safety hazards.
In the mid-1990s, a filter material HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air filter) used in spacecraft entered the field of commercial air purifiers (air purifiers). This filter material made of glass fiber has a high single-pass filtration efficiency, and has a filtration efficiency of over 99.97% for particles as small as 0.3 microns (Micron). At the same time, the material is tough and can withstand extreme wind pressure. However, due to the high wind resistance of glass fiber HEPA materials, the loss of air volume is also very large.
In order to improve the shortcomings of high resistance of glass fiber filter materials, low-resistance HEPA filter materials using synthetic polypropylene fibers and electrostatic electret treatment of the fibers have been widely developed and used in the field of air purification. This HEPA filter material not only intercepts larger particles through the physical filtration of the filter material, but also adsorbs smaller particles through electret electrostatics on the fibers. Higher filtration efficiency can be achieved with lower resistance through this HEPA. However, the quality of electrostatic electret technology determines the residence time of static electricity, which determines the durability of filter efficiency.
By the beginning of the 21st century, the development of technology has become more mature, and HEPA filter materials with lower resistance and higher efficiency have been continuously developed and put into use. A good synthetic HEPA filter material can achieve the same filtration efficiency as glass fiber filter material (99.97%@0.3um), but the resistance is only 1/5 or even lower than that of glass fiber filter material. At present, the newest air purifier filter is made of this high-efficiency and low-resistance HEPA filter material. .
In addition to filtering particulate matter, the filtration of decoration pollutants such as formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds is also a unique topic in the field of air purification in China due to the unique decoration pollution problem in Chinese households. One is a separate activated carbon original carbon filter such as a honeycomb carbon-filled type. Other technologies that claim to have the ability to remove gaseous pollutants, such as photocatalysts, static electricity, negative ions, ultraviolet lamps, etc., not only have little effect, but have various possible safety hazards, and the industry generally has disputes about their use in civilian products. At present, the really effective gaseous pollutant filtration technology is to crush the modified activated carbon and then go through a suitable optimization design to make it evenly and fully react with the polluted gas efficiently. The Yaneng air purifier uses a composite filter. .
The new-generation composite filter made of low-resistance and high-efficiency HEPA filter material and high-efficiency modified activated carbon is the best and most balanced solution in all aspects of the air purifier field.
There is a big difference between ordinary filters and composite filters. A good filter should comprehensively consider the optimization of parameters such as HEPA single filtration efficiency, wind resistance and efficiency durability, activated carbon modification treatment technology, source of carbon particles, crushed size and distribution, and the amount of filling. On ordinary multi-layer filters, these parameters are considered separately and restrict each other.
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